Peer-implemented point-of-care antibody testing for Hepatitis C infection to enhance linkage to hepatitis C RNA testing and treatment: the EMPOWER study


Author: Bray P, Leadbeatter K, Drew S, Wales E, Doidge J, Woods G, Smith W, Andrews B, Robin G, Dailey B, Chu A, Bondezi K, Starr M, Markus C, Matthews S, Payne J, Silk D, Grebely J, Cunningham EB

Theme: Models of Care Year: 2024

Background: Despite significant improvements to hepatitis C testing and treatment in Australia, key populations still face unique barriers to accessing care. Peer-implemented point-of-care hepatitis C antibody testing with immediate reflex point-of-care RNA testing is a crucial advancement to outreach-based hepatitis C testing. The aim of the EMPOWER study is to evaluate this model.

Methods: EMPOWER is a sub-study of the National Australian Hepatitis C Point-of-Care Testing Program. Hepatitis NSW peer workers, who have lived experience of hepatitis C and treatment, work in partnership with healthcare teams to offer point-of-care testing at services accessed by priority populations. Trained peer workers engage with participants, conduct enrolment and consent, and assist with completion of a behavioural survey. Eligible participants are offered point-of-care hepatitis C antibody testing (INSTI; 1-minute to result) conducted by the peer worker, with immediate reflex to point-of-care hepatitis C RNA testing (GeneXpert Fingerstick Testing). People with a history of HCV infection instead receive immediate point-of-care RNA testing.

Results: During eight outreach events between August 2023 and February 2024, 141 unique participants were enrolled (29% female, median age 50 years, 32% reported recent injecting [last month], and 31% reported current homelessness). 99 antibody tests were performed by peer workers while 55 RNA tests were conducted by the healthcare team. 14% of those who received antibody testing were antibody positive, 93% of whom immediately received hepatitis C RNA testing on site. Overall, seven participants have tested RNA positive, of whom two have initiated treatment.

Conclusions/ Applications:
With 86% of participants being antibody negative, the EMPOWER project is reducing clinic time and resources spent on engaging and testing patients. Peer workers provide a supportive, non-judgmental, and effective pathway for affected communities to access hepatitis C testing and should be considered a central element in point-of-care testing in all outreach sites.

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